Marston fisk



(No Model) M- Flg RATUHET WRENUH.

Patented Se t. 15, 1896.

S 8 3 S 6 n Z NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARSTON FISK, OF HOUSTON, TEXAS, ASSIGNOR OF TWO-THIRDS TO S. R.

.- 'TUGGLE AND O. H. BURNS, OF SAME PLACE.

RATCHET-WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 567,766, datedSeptember 15, 1896. Application filed July 20, 1896. Serial No. 599,923.(No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARSTON FISK, a cit-izen of the United States,residing at Houston, in the county of Harris and State of Texas, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Ratchet-Trenches; and Ido declare the following to be a full, clear, and

"exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of wrenches whichembody frictionrollers for engaging the Work to be turned; and itsnovelty and many advantages will be fully understood from the followingdescription and claims when taken in conjunction with the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure 1 is a sectional view, partly in elevationand partly broken away, of a wrench constructed in accordance with myinvention. Fig. 2 is a section taken in the plane indicated by the linea; m of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view of the rollerguiding and adjusting device. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of theforward end of the handle. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of thecam device, and Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the rollersremoved.

In the said drawings similar numerals designate corresponding parts inall of the several views, referring to which 1 indicates the handle ofthe wrench, which is provided at its forward end with the bifurcation 2and the journal-apertures 3.

4. indicates'a pawl which is pivotally connected with the handle 1 atthe rear of the bifurcation 2 and is backed by the coiled spring 5.

6 indicates the cam device, which is preferably in the form of anannulus and has the ratchet-teeth 7 at its outer side and the three(more or less) cam-surfaces 8 at its innerside.

9 indicates the tubular roller guiding and adjusting device, which isjournaled in the apertures 3 of the handle 1, and is provided at one endwith the preferably milled flange 10, and is screw-tapped at itsopposite end for the engagement of the preferably milled andinterio'rly-threaded securing-ring 11, and 12 indicates the rollers, ofwhich three are preferably employed.

The cam device 6 is arranged in the bifurcation 2 of the handle 1, so asto enable the pawl 4 to engage its teeth 7, and the roller adjusting andguiding device 9 is arranged within said cam device, as shown. The saidroller guiding and adjusting device 9 is pro vid ed withtheradially-disposed apertures 13, and these apertures, which aredesigned to receive the rollers 12, are reduced in width at their innerends, that is to say, they have such inner ends of a less width than thediameter of the rollers 12, as shown, so as to permit said rollers tomove freely within them and yet prevent the rollers from dropping out ofthe device 9 when the wrench is not in use.

In using my improved wrench it is simply necessary, in order to enablethe rollers 12 to recede from the center of the device 9, to turn thesaid device 9 with the hand in the direction of arrow in Fig. 1. Thiswill permit the screw, stud, or other device to be turned to readilyenter the device 9, and to further facilitate such entry of the stud ordevice to be turned I prefer to bevel or round the ends of the rollers12, as illustrated. When the stud or device to be turned is in positionwithin the device 9, said device 9 is turned with the hand in thedirection opposite to that indicated by the arrow, when the rollers 12will be tightly forced by the camsurfaces 8 of the device 6 against thestud or device to be turned. The handle 1 is then turned in thedirection indicated by arrow, when the cam device 6, turning with thehandle, will force the rollers 12 against the stud or device to beturned, so as to cause it to also turn with the handle.

In open places the wrench may be continuously turned, so as to turn anarticle into or out of a socket without releasing the rollers 12 fromsuch article. In more confined quarters the back motion of theratchet-lever will release the rollers from the article that is beingturned, and when said lever is again moved forward the rollers willtighten upon the article in a new position.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

1. In a wrench, the combination of a handle, an annular cam devicecarriedby the handle and having the cam-surfaces at its inner side, thetubular roller guiding and adj usting device arranged within the camdevice and journaled in the handle and having radially-disposedapertures reduced at their inner ends, and rollers arranged in saidapertures and adapted to engage an article to be turned and be engagedby the cam-surfaces of the cam device, substantially as specified.

2. In a wrench, the combination of a handle, a rotary annular cam devicecarried by the handle and having the cam-surfaces at its inner side andteeth at its outer side, a pawl carried by the handle and engaging theteeth of the cam device, the tubular roller guiding and adjusting devicearranged within the cam device and journaled in the handle and havingradial apertures reduced at their inner ends, and rollers arranged insaid apertures and adapted to engage an article and be engaged by thecam-surfaces of the cam device, substantially as specified.

3. In the wrench described, the handle havin g the bifurcation and thejournal-apertures at one end, the rotary annular cam device arranged inthe bifurcation of the handle and having the cam-surfaces at its innerside and teeth at its outer side, a pawl carried by the handle andengaging the teeth of the cam device, the tubular roller guiding andadjusting device arranged within the cam device and j ournaled in theapertures of the handle and having radial apertures reduced at theirinner ends and also having a flange at one end and threads at itsopposite end and a threaded ring thereon, and rollers arranged in saidapertures and adapted to engage an article to be turned and be engagedby the cam-surfaces of the cam device, substantially as and for thepurpose specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.MARSTON FISK.

Vitnesses O. J. CONKLIN, T. F. LOFTUS.

